مقدمة
ايزو (المنظمة الدولية للمقاييس) هو تحالف عالمي لهيئات المعايير الوطنية (الهيئات الأعضاء في منظمة الأيزو). عادة ما يتم تطوير المعايير الدولية من خلال اللجان الفنية ISO. يحق لكل مؤسسة عضو مهتمة بموضوع تم تشكيل لجنة فنية له أن تكون ممثلة في تلك اللجنة. وتشارك أيضًا في هذا العمل المنظمات الحكومية الدولية وغير الحكومية المتعاونة مع ISO. تعمل ISO بشكل وثيق مع اللجنة الكهروتقنية الدولية (اللجنة الانتخابية المستقلة) في جميع المسائل المتعلقة بالتوحيد الكهربائي.

يتم وصف الإجراءات المستخدمة لتطوير هذه الوثيقة وتلك المستخدمة لمزيد من الصيانة في الجزء 1 لتوجيهات ISO/IEC. بخاصة, وينبغي إيلاء الاهتمام لمعايير الموافقة المختلفة المطلوبة لأنواع مختلفة من وثائق ISO. تمت صياغة هذه الوثيقة وفقًا لقواعد التحرير الخاصة بجزء توجيه ISO/IEC 2 (راجع iso.org/directives).

يرجى ملاحظة أن بعض عناصر هذه الوثيقة قد تكون خاضعة لحقوق براءات الاختراع. ISO ليست مسؤولة عن تحديد أي أو كل براءات الاختراع هذه. Details of any patent rights identified during the preparation of the document will be found in the introduction and/or in the list of patent claims received by ISO (راجع iso.org/patents).

ايزو 9022-1-2016 “البصريات والأدوات البصرية – طرق الاختبار البيئي – جزء 1: تعريف, scope of test”

Any trade names used in this document are provided for the convenience of the user and do not constitute an endorsement.

للحصول على وصف لمعنى مصطلحات وتعابير ISO المحددة المتعلقة بتقييم المطابقة, and for information on ISO’s compliance with WTO principles in Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), please see the following URL: مقدمة – Supplementary information

اللجنة المسؤولة عن هذه الوثيقة هي ISO/TC 172, Optics and Photonics, اللجنة الفرعية SC 1, Basic Standards.

The third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ايزو 9022-1:2012), which has been revised to reflect changes made to the ISO 9022 مسلسل.

ايزو 9022 consists of the following parts under the general heading Optics and Photonics – Environmental Test Methods:

ايزو 9022-1-2016 “البصريات والأدوات البصرية – طرق الاختبار البيئي – جزء 1: تعريف, scope of test”

– جزء 1: Defining and testing the scope

– جزء 2: Cold, heat and wet

– جزء 3: الضغط الميكانيكى

– جزء 4: Salt spray

– جزء 6: تراب

– جزء 7: Resistance to dripping or rain

– جزء 8: High internal pressure, low internal pressure, غمر

– جزء 9: الإشعاع الشمسي والتجوية

– جزء 11: Mold growth

– جزء 12: Pollution

– جزء 14: Dew, frost, ice

– جزء 17: Combined pollution, solar radiation

– جزء 20: Humid atmospheres containing sulfur dioxide or hydrogen sulfide

– جزء 22: Combination of cold, dry heat or temperature changes with bumps or random vibrations

– جزء 23: Low pressure combined with cold, ambient temperature and dry or humid heat

ايزو 9022-1-2016 “البصريات والأدوات البصرية – طرق الاختبار البيئي – جزء 1: تعريف, scope of test”

يقدم
Optical instruments are subject to many different environmental parameters during use, which need to be resisted without significantly degrading performance and remaining within prescribed specifications.

The type and severity of these parameters depend on the conditions under which the instrument is used (على سبيل المثال, in a laboratory or workshop) and its geographical location. In tropical and subtropical climates, the effect of the environment on the performance of optical instruments is completely different from that found when used in the Arctic region. Each parameter will have different overlapping effects on the performance of the instrument.

Manufacturers try to ensure that, naturally, users expect the instrument to be resistant to the rigors that its environment can bring throughout its life cycle. This expectation can be assessed by exposing the instrument to a range of simulated environmental parameters under controlled laboratory conditions. The severity of these diseases is often increased in order to achieve meaningful results in a relatively short period of time.

To evaluate and compare the response of optical instruments to appropriate environmental conditions, ايزو 9022 contains detailed information on many laboratory tests that reliably simulate a wide range of different environments. These tests are primarily based on IEC standards, modified if necessary to take into account the specific functions of the optical instrument.

ايزو 9022-1-2016 “البصريات والأدوات البصرية – طرق الاختبار البيئي – جزء 1: تعريف, scope of test”

Due to the continuous progress in various fields, optical instruments are no longer just precision designed optical products, but also include other components from other fields, depending on their range of application. لذلك, the main functions of the instrument will be evaluated to determine which international standard should be used for testing. If optical functions are important, then ISO 9022 is applicable, but if other functions take precedence, then appropriate international standards in the relevant fields should be applied. There may be situations where ISO 9022 and other appropriate international standards need to be applied simultaneously.

1 يتراوح
هذا الجزء من ISO 9022 defines terms related to environmental testing of optical and photonic instruments, including other components from other fields (such as mechanical, chemical and electronic devices), and specifies the essential characteristics of testing.

2 المصطلحات والتعاريف
لأغراض هذه الوثيقة, تنطبق المصطلحات والتعاريف التالية.

2.1 Environmental test

Laboratory simulations, often severe, of climatic, ميكانيكي, بيولوجي, الكهرباء (including electrostatic) and chemical environmental effects acting on specimens during assembly, تخزين, transport and handling in order to identify any changes in specimen behaviour within a short period of time

2.2 Optical Instruments

Instruments whose functions are primarily based on optical phenomena, consisting of multiple components and/or assemblies, lighting systems, instruments with light conduction, and instruments containing components and/or assemblies from other fields in addition to optical units

مثال: مكونات الكترونية.

2.3 Optical Components

A functional unit consists of a number of components, at least one of which has an optical function

ايزو 9022-1-2016 “البصريات والأدوات البصرية – طرق الاختبار البيئي – جزء 1: تعريف, scope of test”

2.4 عناصر

&لتر; Optical Instruments > The smallest unit, usually consisting of one piece and one material

2.5 Representative Samples

Samples that differ from components only in geometry

مثال: optical parts or sheet metal.

2.6 عينة

An instrument, component, حَشد, or representative sample being tested

2.7 اختبارات

Procedure for determining and evaluating the effect of application parameters on sample characteristics

2.8 Regulation

The sum of the external influences acting on the specimen during the test, such as the method of adjustment and the severity of the application, and the sum of the internal influences arising from the operating state of the specimen, such as movement and/or temperature changes

2.8.1 Conditioning methods

Individual or combined environmental impacts of specimens submitted during testing

مثال: Shock or damp heat.

ايزو 9022-1-2016 “البصريات والأدوات البصرية – طرق الاختبار البيئي – جزء 1: تعريف, scope of test”

2.8.2 Severity

Contains all the individual numbers of parameters required for the test

مثال: درجة حرارة, رطوبة, adjustment time.

ملحوظة 1: The adjustment time (exposure time) is the minimum time when tolerances are not indicated in the relevant part of ISO 9022.

2.8.3 Running Status

Defines the state of the sample’s operating state during conditioning

ملحوظة 1: Distinguish three operating states: operating state 0, operating state 1, and operating state 2.

2.8.3.1 Operation Status 0

The condition of the specimen in the normal transport and/or storage container and/or transport package provided by the manufacturer respectively

2.8.3.2 Operation Status 1

The condition in which the specimen is unprotected and ready for operation but not connected to a power source

2.8.3.3 Operation Status 2

The state of the specimen during the test run for a period of time, which will be determined in the relevant specification

ايزو 9022-1-2016 “البصريات والأدوات البصرية – طرق الاختبار البيئي – جزء 1: تعريف, scope of test”

ملحوظة 1: The mode of the operating state is given in the relevant specification. أثناء العملية, check whether the sample is working properly.

2.9 Exams and tests

Determine the characteristics and functions of the sample for subsequent evaluation

ملحوظة 1: There are three types of inspection and testing: الفحص العيني, functional testing and measurement.

2.9.1 Visual inspection

Inspection using the human eye as a detector

2.9.2 Function Test

Functional determination

ايزو 9022-1-2016 “البصريات والأدوات البصرية – طرق الاختبار البيئي – جزء 1: تعريف, scope of test”

2.9.3 قياس

To objectively determine the value of a physical quantity by comparing it with a specified quantity

2.10 Evaluation

Compare results measured during initial, intermediate and final tests or to specified tolerances

2.11 Related Specifications

Compile all data related to the sample and data required for testing

2.12 Environmental atmospheric conditions

Conditions are defined by a temperature range of 15 درجة مئوية إلى 35 درجة مئوية, with relative air humidity between 30% و 85%

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