introduction
OIN (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une alliance mondiale d'organismes de normalisation nationaux (Comités membres de l'ISO). L'élaboration de normes internationales est généralement réalisée par l'intermédiaire de comités techniques ISO.. Chaque institution membre intéressée par un sujet pour lequel un comité technique a été créé a le droit d'être représentée au sein de ce comité.. Les organisations internationales gouvernementales et non gouvernementales en liaison avec l'ISO sont également impliquées dans ces travaux.. L'ISO travaille en étroite collaboration avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale (CEI) sur toutes les questions de normalisation électrique.

Les procédures utilisées pour développer ce document et celles utilisées pour une maintenance ultérieure sont décrites dans la partie 1 de la directive ISO/CEI. En particulier, il convient de prêter attention aux différents critères d'approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Ce document a été rédigé conformément aux règles d'édition de la Directive ISO/IEC Partie 2 (voir iso.org/directives).

Veuillez noter que certains éléments de ce document peuvent être soumis à des droits de brevet. L'ISO n'est pas responsable de l'identification de tout ou partie de ces brevets.. Les détails de tous les droits de brevet identifiés lors de la préparation du document seront trouvés dans l'introduction et/ou dans la liste des revendications de brevet reçues par l'ISO. (voir iso.org/patents).

OIN 21683-2019 “Libération de nano-objets à partir de peintures, vernis et plastiques teintés simulés expérimentalement pour la détermination de pigments et de charges”

Tous les noms commerciaux utilisés dans ce document sont fournis pour la commodité de l'utilisateur et ne constituent pas une approbation.

Volontaire, related standards and conformity assessment related ISO specific and express the meaning of terminology as well as in relevant ISO technical barriers to trade (OTC) adhérer au principe de l'organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) information, veuillez vous référer à l'URL suivante:iso.org/iso/foreword.html.

This document was prepared by the ISO/TC 256 Technical Committee on Pigments, Dyes and Fillers.

Any feedback or questions regarding this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A complete list of these institutions can be found at iso.org/members.html.

introduire
Nanoobjects (nanoscale pigments and fillers) can be released from paints, varnishes and tinted plastics into the surrounding air or liquids, which is an important health and safety consideration for the end user and the environment. Donc, it is important to obtain data on the tendency of tinted coatings and plastics to release nanoobjects, so that exposure [10] can be assessed, controlled, and minimized. This property may depend on the physical and chemical properties of the nanoobject and the substrate containing the nanoobject.

OIN 21683-2019 “Libération de nano-objets à partir de peintures, vernis et plastiques teintés simulés expérimentalement pour la détermination de pigments et de charges”

Methods currently available to assess the tendency of pigments, vernis, and plastics to release nano-objects into the air require energy to be applied to the sample to induce wear, érosion, or comminentation, which causes the particles to diffuse into the gas phase, c'est à dire., produce aerosols.

Due to their high sensitivity, particle number concentration and quantity weighted particle size distribution are necessary to quantify the release of nanoobjects, since particle mass depends on the cubic particle size and the mass concentration of nanoobjects is too low to detect them with currently commercially available instruments. Further measurements, such as total particle surface concentration, such as references [11] et [12], may help explain, Par exemple, health aspects. If the shape, morphology, porosity and density of the granular material is known, it can be precisely converted to different quantity types by measuring the total particle size distribution.

In addition to selecting the appropriate measuring instrument, quantitative assessment of process-induced particle release requires detailed information about the sample, the stress introduced, and the type of interconnect with the instrument. Chiffre 1 shows, Par exemple, the single stages that need to be considered when quantitatively characterizing particulate matter release in the air.

OIN 21683-2019 “Libération de nano-objets à partir de peintures, vernis et plastiques teintés simulés expérimentalement pour la détermination de pigments et de charges”

1 Gamme
This document specifies a method for experimentally determining the release of nanoscale pigments and fillers into the environment under mechanical stress in paints, varnishes and tinted plastics.

The method is used to assess whether and how many particles of defined size and distribution are released from the surface and released into the environment under stress (the type and height of applied energy).

Samples are aged, weathered, or otherwise conditioned to simulate the entire life cycle.

2 Références normatives
Les fichiers suivants sont référencés dans le texte d'une manière qui constitue une partie ou la totalité des exigences de ce document.. Pour les références datées, seule la version citée s'applique. Pour les références non datées, une nouvelle version de la référence (y compris toutes les révisions) s'applique.

OIN 9276-1, Representation of results of particle size analysis – Partie 1: Graphical representation

ISO/TS 80004-1, nanotechnology – Vocabulaire – Partie 1: Core terms

ISO/TS 80004-2, nanotechnology – Vocabulaire – Partie 2: Nano-objects

OIN 21683-2019 “Libération de nano-objets à partir de peintures, vernis et plastiques teintés simulés expérimentalement pour la détermination de pigments et de charges”

3 Termes et définitions
Aux fins de ce document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/TS 80004-1, ISO/TS 80004-2 et les articles suivants s'appliquent.

3.1 General terms and definitions

3.1.1 Aerosols

A system of solid or liquid particles suspended in a gas

[Source: OIN 15900:2009, 2.1]

3.1.2 nanometer scale

The length ranges from about 1 nm to 100 nm

Note 1: Properties that are not extrapolated from larger sizes are mainly represented in this length range.

[Source: ISO/TS 80004-1:2015, 2.1]

3.1.3 Nanoparticles

For nanoobjects (3.1.4), all external dimensions are at the nanoscale (3.1.2), where the length of the longest and shortest axis of the nanoobject is not significantly different

Note 1: If the size difference is large (usually more than 3x), terms such as nanofibers or nanoplates may be superior to the term nanoparticles.

[Source: ISO/TS 80004-2:2015, 4.4]

OIN 21683-2019 “Libération de nano-objets à partir de peintures, vernis et plastiques teintés simulés expérimentalement pour la détermination de pigments et de charges”

3.1.4 Nano objects

Discrete materials with one, two or three external dimensions at the nanoscale (3.1.2)

Note 1: The second and third external dimensions are orthogonal to the first dimension and to each other.

[Source: ISO/TS 80004-1:2015, 2.5]

3.1.5 Peinture

A tinted coating material, when applied to a substrate, forms an opaque dry film with protective, decorative or specific technical properties

[Source: OIN 4618:2014, 2.184]

3.1.6 Equivalent spherical diameter x

The diameter of the sphere has the same physical properties as the particles being measured

Note 1: Par exemple, the physical properties are the same as the sedimentation rate or the displacement volume or projection area of the electrolyte solution under the microscope.

Note 2: The physical properties referred to by the equivalent diameter should be expressed using appropriate subscripts, such as x S for the equivalent surface area diameter or xV for the equivalent volume diameter.

[Source: OIN 26824:2013, 1.6]

OIN 21683-2019 “Libération de nano-objets à partir de peintures, vernis et plastiques teintés simulés expérimentalement pour la détermination de pigments et de charges”

3.1.7 Distribution granulométrique. PSD

The cumulative distribution of material fractions less than a given particle size (size too small), expressed by the distribution density of material fractions in an equivalent spherical diameter or other linear size or size class divided by the width of the class

Note 1: Particle size distribution is described in ISO 9276-1.

3.1.8 Condensed particle counter

Instruments for measuring aerosol particle number concentrations (3.1.1)

Note 1: The particle size detected is usually less than a few hundred nanometers and larger than a few nanometers.

Note 2: CPC is a possible detector for use with DEMC.

Note 3: Dans certains cas, a condensed particle counter may be called a condensed matter nucleus counter (CNC).

[Source: OIN 15900:2009, 2.5]

3.1.9 Differential electromobility classifier

A classifier capable of selecting aerosol (3.1.1) particles based on electromobility and passing them to the outlet

OIN 21683-2019 “Libération de nano-objets à partir de peintures, vernis et plastiques teintés simulés expérimentalement pour la détermination de pigments et de charges”

Note 1: DEMC classifies aerosol particle sizes by balancing the electrical power on each particle with its aerodynamic resistance in an electric field. Classified particles fall within a narrow range of electromobility determined by the operating conditions and physical size of the DEMC, while they can have different sizes due to the amount of charge they have.

[Source: OIN 15900:2009, 2.7]

3.1.10 Differential mobility analysis system DMAS

System for measuring sub-micron aerosol (3.1.1) particle size distribution, consisting of DEMC, flow meter, particle detector, interconnecting pipe, computer and suitable software

[Source: OIN 15900:2009, 2.8]

3.2 Specific terms and definitions

3.2.1 Particle release in paints, vernis et plastiques

Due to mechanical stress, materials are transferred from paints, varnishes and plastics to liquids or gases

3.2.2 Particle number Release n

The total number of particles within a specified size range that are released from the specimen due to mechanical stress

3.2.3 The number of particles in a specific area releases nA

Particle number release (3.2.2), divided by the stressed surface area of the specimen

3.2.4 Mass release by particle number

Number of particles released (3.2.2), divided by the mass of material removed

OIN 21683-2019 “Libération de nano-objets à partir de peintures, vernis et plastiques teintés simulés expérimentalement pour la détermination de pigments et de charges”

3.2.5 Total volume flow

Volume flow, which absorbs all air transport emissions at the particle source and transfers them

3.2.6 Particle number concentration nV

Number of particles per volume of air

3.2.7 Process concentration

Particle number concentration (3.2.6), total volume flow rate due to mechanical stress on the specimen (3.2.5), and particle number release (3.2.2)

3.2.8 Measuring concentration

The particle number concentration (3.2.6) is calibrated by a specified process concentration dilution (3.2.7) to establish better conditions for aerosol analysis

3.2.9 Concentration of model room

Particle number concentration (3.2.6), which results from the release of particle number in a specific area under better mixing conditions at a specified room height (3.2.3)

Note 1: Intermodel concentrations are independent of the selected test conditions and represent reference concentrations for actual particle number concentrations (par exemple., particle pollution in a laboratory) when the intermodel heights are carefully selected.

OIN 21683-2019 “Libération de nano-objets à partir de peintures, vernis et plastiques teintés simulés expérimentalement pour la détermination de pigments et de charges”

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