意义及用途
4.1 艺术家, 设计师, 科学家们, engineers and government regulators use this practice to specify existing or desired colors. It is used in the natural sciences to record the color of specimens, or to identify specimens, such as human skin tone, flowers, leaves, soil and minerals. It is used to specify colors for commercial and color production process control when instrumental color measurement is not economical. The Munsell system is widely used for color tolerances, even when using instruments (see Practice D3134). It is common practice to make color cards that illustrate the target color and the acceptable deviations from that color in hue, 价值, and chroma. Such a set of chips is called the color tolerance set. The color tolerance set displays the target colors and color tolerances so that everyone involved in color selection, production, and acceptance can directly perceive the intent of the specifications before bidding to supply the colors or starting production. Color tolerance sets can be measured to establish instrument tolerances. Without extensive experience, it may not be possible to visualize the meaning of the numbers produced by a color measurement, but by doing so, it is possible to convert the numbers into the Munsell color Sequence system, which uses color chips for visual inspection as an example. This color order system is the basis of the ISC-NBS color designation method and the Dictionary of Color names, as well as the Universal Color Language, which associates color names in English with Munsell symbols (3).

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范围
1.1 This practice provides a way to specify object colors according to the Munsell color sequence system, which is based on color perception properties hue, brightness, and chroma. This practice is limited to opaque objects, such as painted surfaces seen in daylight by observers with normal color vision. This practice provides a simple visual approach as an alternative to more accurate and complex methods based on spectrophotometry and the CIE system (see Practices E308 and E1164). Specifies the conversion of CIE data to Munsell symbols.

1.2 本标准并非旨在解决所有问题, 如果有的话, 与其使用相关的安全问题. 本标准的使用者有责任建立适当的安全机制, 健康和环境实践，并在使用前确定监管限制的适用性.

1.3 本国际标准以《关于制定国际标准的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则为基础, 世贸组织贸易技术壁垒委员会发布的指南和建议.