意义和目的
5.1 This practice should only be used to compare specimens of the same material and of the same general appearance. 例如, a series of specimens to be compared should have roughly similar luster, 质地和, 如果不是不透明的话, thickness and translucency.

5.2 用于黄度测量, this practice is limited to samples with a dominant wavelength in the 570 to 580nm range or a Munsell hue of approximately 2.5GY to 2.5Y. 用于白度测量, this practice is restricted to samples with Munsell values greater than 8.3 (CIEY 大于 65) and Munsell chromaticity not greater than 0.5 (乙调) and Munsell chromaticity not greater than 0.5 (Y音 0.8) 和所有其他音调 0.3 (看 3.3.1).

5.3 The combination of measurement and calculation leading to a yellow or white index is a psychophysical process, 那是, the specified procedure is designed to provide numbers relevant to the visual estimation performed under specific typical observation conditions. Since the visual observation conditions vary greatly, users should compare the calculated indices with the visual estimates to ensure applicability. Some of the standards that address visual estimation of color and chromatic dispersion are practices D1535, D1729, E1360 and E1541, and guide E1499.

5.4 This practice does not include preparation of specimens, a procedure that may have a significant impact on the number of measurements. 一般来说, specimens should be prepared and presented for measurement in a standard manner for the tests performed. Sufficient samples or sample areas were selected to provide average results representative of each sample to be tested. Please refer to Practice E1345.

使用仪器色坐标 ASTM 计算黄度指数和白度指数 313-2020

范围
1.1 This practice provides the number associated with the visual rating of yellow or white for white and near-white or colorless object color specimens, viewed in daylight by an observer with normal color vision. 白色纺织品, 油漆, and plastics are some of the materials that can be described by the yellow or whiteness index calculated by this practice.

1.2 For a complete analysis of object color by a designated observer and a designated light source, 需要使用三个参数. For near-white specimens, 然而, 计算黄度或白度的单一尺度通常很有用. This exercise provides recommended equations for this scale and discusses their derivation and use, as well as their applicability limits (see also reference (1) 2).

1.3 以 SI 单位表示的值应被视为标准值. 其他计量单位不包括在本标准中.

1.4 本标准并非旨在解决所有安全问题, 如果有的话, 与其使用相关. 本标准的使用者有责任建立适当的安全机制, 健康和环境实践，并在使用前确定监管限制的适用性.

1.5 本国际标准是根据《关于制定国际标准的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的, 世界贸易组织贸易技术壁垒委员会发布的指南和建议.