前言

国际标准化组织 (国际标准化组织) 是国家标准机构的全球联盟 (ISO成员机构). 国际标准的制定通常通过ISO技术委员会进行. 每个对已成立技术委员会的主题感兴趣的成员机构都有权在该委员会中派代表参加. 与 ISO 联络的国际政府和非政府组织也参与了这项工作. ISO 与国际电工委员会密切合作 (国际电工委员会) 关于电工标准化的所有问题.

技术委员会通过的国际标准草案将分发给成员机构进行投票. 作为国际标准的出版至少需要获得批准 75% 成员机构的数量.

国际标准ISO 11798 由ISO/TC技术委员会制定 46, 信息和文件, 小组委员会SC 10, Physical Preservation of Documents.

Annexes A and B form an integral part of this international standard. Annex C is for reference only.

国际标准化组织 11798-1999 信息和文件 – 书写的持久性和持久性, 在纸上打印和复印 – 要求及测试方法

介绍
Writing materials and devices that meet the requirements of this international standard may be used to prepare paper documents with stable and durable images, IE. images that may have little or no variation in characteristics affecting readability, and the possibility of copying or converting paper documents into other data carriers, such as microforms.

It is primarily used for writing, 印刷, and copying on writing and printing paper as well as copying paper.

This standard specifies the requirements and test methods for assessing image stability. Certain properties of the image, such as wear resistance, depend on the combination of the image and the paper. Permanent files (国际标准化组织 9706) and archival files (国际标准化组织 11108) used to prepare files can differ greatly in attributes that are important for image quality and persistence. The test conditions of this standard are selected in order to obtain results representative of the majority of papers on the market for a particular imaging process.

在本标准中, the requirements are based on

— image color intensity and appearance;

— light resistance;

– 防水的;

– transmission of recorded images;

— 耐磨性;

— 耐热性;

– Record the influence on the mechanical strength of the paper.

More stringent limits and other requirements than those set out in this international standard may be required when testing materials and machinery for documents of the highest durability and durability.

Experience has shown that images written with India ink, as well as printed images using commercial printing inks, are highly durable. 然而, in many documents, acid inks have affected the paper to the point of paper corrosion, and images produced by dry or liquid toner are also susceptible to aging problems.

The experience of modern images is limited to a few decades. Images prepared with modern materials and machinery are often completely different from older images in terms of composition and properties. 所以, conclusions based on studies of older documents in libraries and archives are of limited use when discussing the persistence of modern documents.

Strictly speaking, the only way to test the persistence of an image is to process the document and store it under relevant conditions for a long time, perhaps hundreds of years. 在实践中, one must rely on observations of documents that are only a few years old, and an assessment of the impact of factors known to affect the persistence and persistence of images.

1 范围
This standard sets out requirements and test methods for assessing the persistence and durability of writing, printing and copying on paper stored for long periods in libraries, archives and other protected environments.

It is applicable to

— Images on paper, except for documents within the ISO/TC 42 “photography” 范围;

— Colorful images.

The information content of a color image should be preserved, but not necessarily the full artistic quality of the color image. Files whose information content is subject to minor colour changes are not covered by this standard.

It doesn’t apply to

– Documents stored under harmful conditions, such as the effects of high humidity, overheating, 辐射 (such as light), high concentrations of contaminants, or water that may promote microbial attack. 然而, because files may be kept in an unprotected environment before being transferred to a protected environment, water and light resistance are important;

– Legal documents, such as bank documents, where authenticity is a major concern.

2 规范性引用文件
以下标准包含的条款, 引用, 构成本国际标准的条款. 发布时, 显示的版本有效. All standards are subject to revision and Parties to an agreement based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the latest versions of the following standards. IEC 和 ISO 成员维护当前有效的国际标准登记册.

国际标准化组织 5-3:1995, 摄影 – Density measurement – 部分 3: Spectral conditions.

国际标准化组织 1924-2:1994, 纸和纸板. 拉伸性能的测定. 部分 2: Constant elongation method.

国际标准化组织 2470:-1), 纸, 纸板和纸浆 — Measurement of diffuse blue reflectance (ISO brightness).

国际标准化组织 4892-2:1994, 塑料. 暴露于实验室光源的方法. 部分 2: Xenon arc sources.

– 国际标准化组织 5626:1993, 纸 – Determination of folding durability.

国际标准化组织 7724-1: — 2) 油漆和清漆 — colorimetric methods — 部分 1: 原则.

国际标准化组织 7724-2: — 3) 油漆和清漆 — colorimetric methods — 部分 2: Measurement of colour.

国际标准化组织 7724-3: — 4) 油漆和清漆 — colorimetric methods — 部分 3: Calculation of colour difference in CIELAB.

国际标准化组织 9352:1995, 塑料. Determination of abrasion resistance of grinding wheels.

国际标准化组织 9706-1994, 信息和文件. Paper for documents. Permanent requirement

国际标准化组织 12757-1:1998, Ballpoint pens and refill. 部分 1: General purposes.

国际标准化组织 12757-2:1998, Ballpoint pens and refill Part 2: File Usage (DOC).

– 国际标准化组织 14145-1:1998, Ball pens and refill. 部分 1: General purposes.

国际标准化组织 14145-2:1998, Ball pens and refill — 部分 2: File Use (DOC).

学士 3484:19915), specification for blue and black recording ink.

3 定义
就本标准而言, 以下定义适用:

3.1

复制

To produce an image on paper that is a replica of an image on another document carrier, for example by a photographic or electrostatic printing process

3.2

Official document

Recorded information that can be treated as a unit in the documentation process

[来源: 国际标准化组织 5127-1:19,836)]

3.3

耐用性

The ability to resist the effects of wear in a performance situation

3.4

图像

Pigments are distributed on paper as characters or other visually recognizable patterns

3.5

Monochrome image

A color record of the image

3.6

Colorful image

Consists of images recorded in a variety of colors, where colors form part of the information content

3.7

continuity

It can maintain chemical and physical stability for a long time

3.8

Permanent image

Images that have little or no change in properties affecting their use during long-term storage in libraries, archives, and other protected environments.

笔记 1: Examples of these properties are the stability of the created image (例如. legibility and contrast) and the stability of the paper recording system.

3.9

印刷

Produce an image on paper from a printing press, a thermal printer, or a computer printer, such as a laser or inkjet printer

3.10

recording

Write, print and copy

3.11

Spot color image

Use different colors of the image in separate sections, so the colors don’t overlay

3.12

write

Make images on paper, one character or stroke at a time

例子: Hand drawing with pen or pencil, or by typewriter or pen plotter.

仅标准信息部分是公开的. 查看完整内容, 需要通过官方渠道购买标准.