소개
ISO (국제 표준화기구) 국가 표준 기관의 글로벌 연합입니다. (ISO 회원국). 국제 표준 개발은 일반적으로 ISO 기술 위원회를 통해 수행됩니다.. 기술위원회가 설립된 주제에 관심이 있는 각 회원 기관은 해당 위원회에 대표될 권리가 있습니다.. ISO와 연락을 취하는 국제 정부 및 비정부 조직도 ​​이 작업에 참여합니다.. ISO는 국제전기기술위원회(International Electrotechnical Commission)와 긴밀히 협력하고 있습니다. (IEC) 전기 표준화의 모든 문제에 대해.

이 문서를 개발하는 데 사용된 절차와 추가 유지 관리에 사용된 절차는 파트에 설명되어 있습니다. 1 ISO/IEC 지침의. 특히, 다양한 유형의 ISO 문서에 필요한 다양한 승인 기준에 주의를 기울여야 합니다.. 이 문서는 ISO/IEC Directive Part의 편집 규칙에 따라 작성되었습니다. 2 (iso.org/directives를 참조하세요.).

이 문서의 특정 요소에는 특허권이 적용될 수 있습니다.. ISO는 그러한 특허의 일부 또는 전부를 식별할 책임이 없습니다.. 문서를 준비하는 동안 확인된 특허권에 대한 자세한 내용은 ISO가 받은 특허 청구서 및/또는 서문에서 확인할 수 있습니다. (iso.org/patents 참조).

이 문서에 사용된 모든 상호는 사용자의 편의를 위해 제공되었으며 보증을 의미하지 않습니다..

ISO 9370-2017 플라스틱의 내후성 테스트 중 방사선 노출의 도구적 결정을 위한 일반 지침 및 기본 테스트 방법

Voluntary, related standards and conformity assessment related ISO specific and express the meaning of terminology as well as in relevant ISO technical barriers to trade (TBT) adhere to the principle of the world trade organization (WTO) information, 다음 URL을 참고해주세요:iso.org/iso/foreword.html.

This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, 플라스틱, 소위원회 SC 6, Ageing, Chemical and Environmental Tolerance.

세 번째 판은 기술적으로 개정된 두 번째 판을 취소하고 대체합니다. (ISO 9370:2009).

전판과의 주요 변경사항은 다음과 같습니다.:

– A more precise description of the calibration procedure for selective (자외선) radiometers;

– Annex B was introduced to better explain possible spectral mismatches (systematic errors) in selective filtered radiometers.

소개하다
The period of natural weathering, accelerated natural weathering, artificially accelerated weathering, or artificially accelerated radiation exposure is defined only in terms of time, ignoring the influence of changes in spectral irradiance of the source and the moisture and/or temperature difference between different exposure tests. Defining the period of natural weathering exposure in terms of total exposure to solar radiation has been shown to be helpful in comparing the outcomes of these exposures at different times in the same location. 하지만, it is also important to monitor solar UV radiation exposure from natural weathering exposure and UV radiation exposure from artificially accelerated weathering or artificially accelerated irradiation exposure.

Two methods of measuring UV radiation are commonly used. The first is the use of physical criteria, 즉. exposure to a reference material that shows a property change proportional to the dose of incident ultraviolet radiation. The preferred option is to use a radiometer that responds to ultraviolet light. This document describes this method. It recommends the important characteristics of the instruments used and provides guidance for the selection and use of these radiometers.

ISO 9370-2017 플라스틱의 내후성 테스트 중 방사선 노출의 도구적 결정을 위한 일반 지침 및 기본 테스트 방법

1 범위
This document specifies an instrumental method for measuring irradiance on a flat surface. This includes not only natural solar radiation, but also enhanced natural solar radiation and radiation produced by laboratory light sources.

To measure natural weathering and solar radiation that accelerates natural weathering, instrumental techniques include continuous measurements of the sun, solar ultraviolet and spectral solar (자외선) 방사조도, as well as the accumulation or integration of instantaneous data to provide radiation exposure.

To measure radiation in artificially accelerated weathering or artificially accelerated irradiation, instrumental techniques include the continuous measurement of total or defined bands of ultraviolet radiation, visible spectral irradiance and/or ultraviolet spectral irradiance, and the accumulation or integration of instantaneous data to provide radiation exposure.

This document does not specify procedures for the use of blue wool standards, chemical dosing or polymer or other thin film dosing.

2 규범적 참고자료
다음 파일은 이 문서의 요구 사항 중 일부 또는 전부를 구성하는 방식으로 텍스트에서 참조됩니다.. 날짜가 있는 참고자료의 경우, 인용된 버전만 적용됩니다.. 날짜가 없는 참고자료의 경우, 참조의 새 버전 (모든 개정 내용 포함) 적용됩니다.

ISO 9059, Solar energy – Comparative calibration of a field pyrometer with a reference sunshine meter

ISO 9370-2017 플라스틱의 내후성 테스트 중 방사선 노출의 도구적 결정을 위한 일반 지침 및 기본 테스트 방법

ISO 9060, Solar Energy – Specification and classification of instruments for measuring hemispherical sun and direct solar radiation

ISO 9846, Solar energy – Calibration of pyrheliometer using a sunshine meter

ISO 9847, Solar energy – Calibration of on-site pyrheliometers compared to reference pyrheliometers

ASTM E816, Standard test method for calibrated pyrometers compared to reference pyrometers

ASTM E824, standard test method that moves calibration from reference to field radiometer

ASTM G90, Standard practice for accelerated outdoor weathering of non-metallic materials using concentrated natural sunlight

ASTM G130, Standard test method for calibration of narrow band and wide band ultraviolet radiometers using spectroradiometers

ASTM G138, Standard test method for Calibration of spectroradiometers using standard irradiance sources

ASTM G183, Standard Practice for Field Use of pyrheliometers, sunshine meters, and ultraviolet radiometers

ISO 9370-2017 플라스틱의 내후성 테스트 중 방사선 노출의 도구적 결정을 위한 일반 지침 및 기본 테스트 방법

3 용어 및 정의
이 문서의 목적을 위해, 다음 용어와 정의가 적용됩니다.

3.1 Artificial accelerated weathering

When exposing materials in a laboratory aging device, these conditions may be more periodic and intense than those encountered outdoors or in service

메모 1: This involves laboratory radiation sources, 열, 그리고 수분 (in the form of relative humidity and/or water spraying, 응축, or soaking) to try to produce the same changes more quickly as long-term outdoor exposure.

메모 2: The device may include devices for controlling and/or monitoring light sources and other weathering variables. It may also include exposure to special conditions, such as acid fog to simulate the effects of industrial gases.

3.2 Artificial accelerated irradiation

Exposing the material to a laboratory radiation source is designed to mimic solar radiation filtered by window glass or radiation from an indoor lighting source, and the sample can withstand relatively small changes in temperature and relative humidity to try to produce the same changes more quickly as when the material is used in an indoor environment

ISO 9370-2017 플라스틱의 내후성 테스트 중 방사선 노출의 도구적 결정을 위한 일반 지침 및 기본 테스트 방법

3.3 Blocking

The ability of a filter to suppress or not transmit radiation outside the intended passband, usually expressed as a fraction or percentage of incident radiation

3.4 광대역

Characteristics of filters and radiometers with a half-maximum (3.15) full width between 20 nm and 70 nm

메모 1: It usually describes filter radiometers that measure in the range of 300 nm to 400 nm.

3.5 Center Wavelength

마디 없는

The wavelength is located at the midpoint of the full width and is separated by a half maximum (3.15)

메모 1: 그림 참조 1.

ISO 9370-2017 플라스틱의 내후성 테스트 중 방사선 노출의 도구적 결정을 위한 일반 지침 및 기본 테스트 방법

3.6 cosine receptors

A radiative transfer device that samples the radiative flux according to the cosine of the incidence Angle and collects all the incident radiation in the 2π sphericity (즉., in the hemisphere) 사용하여, 예를 들어, an integrating sphere or a planar diffuser

3.7 Cut-off Wavelength

When moving from the peak transmittance to the long wavelength blocking region, the transmittance decreases to a wavelength of 5% of the peak transmittance

메모 1: See point 4 in Figure 1.

λ wavelength (nanometer)
Sλ normalized spectral response
1 Central wavelength (continuous wave)
2 1/2 height Full Width (FWHM)
3 Cut-off wavelength
4 Cut-off wavelength

ISO 9370-2017 플라스틱의 내후성 테스트 중 방사선 노출의 도구적 결정을 위한 일반 지침 및 기본 테스트 방법

3.8 Cut-off Wavelength

The transmittance increases to 5% of the peak transmittance when moving from the short wavelength barrier to the emission region

메모 1: See point 3 in Figure 1.

3.9 탐지기

A photoreceptor, which forms part of a radiometer, converts incident radiation into an electrical signal to determine the irradiance of a surface

3.10 Diffuse solar radiation

The sum of the radiation reflected from the sky and (if in the field of view) from the ground in the 2π spheroidal field of view on a plane surface, excluding radiation in the solid Angle of 5° to 6° centered on the solar disk

메모 1: 보다 3.11.

3.11 Direct radiation

Direct solar radiation

Direct beam radiation

Solar irradiance is contained within a restricted solid Angle (usually 5° to 6°) centered on the solar disk

ISO 9370-2017 플라스틱의 내후성 테스트 중 방사선 노출의 도구적 결정을 위한 일반 지침 및 기본 테스트 방법

메모 1: If direct normal solar radiation is known, the direct radiation on the inclined plane can be calculated by multiplying the direct normal solar radiation by the cosine of the Angle defined by the plane normal and the line from the foot of the normal to the center of the solar disk.

3.12 Direct normal solar radiation

Direct solar radiation is incident on a plane perpendicular to the solar beam

메모 1: Direct normal solar radiation is measured with a pyrometer.

3.13 Drift

Measures the rate of change of the responsiveness of the instrument over time, indicating the stability of the instrument based on time

3.14 Visual Field

The full Angle of the cone is defined by the center of the receiver surface and the boundary limiting the aperture

3.15 Full-width half-width FWHM

< In passband Transmittance is the interval between wavelengths of 50% of the peak transmittance, often referred to as the “대역폭”.

3.16 Hemispherical solar radiation

ISO 9370-2017 플라스틱의 내후성 테스트 중 방사선 노출의 도구적 결정을 위한 일반 지침 및 기본 테스트 방법

< On a inclined plane. The sum of the direct solar radiation incident on a flat surface plus all the sky and ground reflected radiation in the surface 2π spherical field of view

메모 1: If the slope of the plane is zero degrees (즉. horizontal), hemispherical solar radiation is often called global solar radiation or global horizontal radiation.

3.17 Interference filter

A filter that defines the spectral composition of transmitted radiation by interference effects

메모 1: Most interference filters consist of thin layers of metal and dielectric and therefore have high transmittance over selected spectral bands.

3.18 Radiation E

The radiant flux per unit area, measured in watts per square meter (W⋅m−2), is incident on a surface

3.19 Global solar irradiance

The solar radiation flux, both direct and diffuse, is received by the horizontal plane per unit area from a solid Angle of 2π sphericity

메모 1: It is expressed in watts per square meter (W⋅m−2).

3.20 Spectral irradiance Eλ

Irradiance at each wavelength interval

메모 1: It is usually expressed in watts per square meter per nanometer (W⋅m−2⋅nm−1).

3.21 Long-pass filter

ISO 9370-2017 플라스틱의 내후성 테스트 중 방사선 노출의 도구적 결정을 위한 일반 지침 및 기본 테스트 방법

The transmission wavelength is longer than the cutoff wavelength while suppressing the shorter wavelength filter, which is characterized by a sharp transition from minimum transmittance to maximum transmittance

3.22 Narrow band

Characteristics of interference filters with a half-peak full width (3.15) not exceeding 20nm

메모 1: In the same type of narrowband filter, the reproducibility of the center wavelength and FWHM is usually within ±2nm.

3.23 Passband

< In band pass filters > The wavelength interval between cutoff and cutoff

메모 1: 그림 참조 1.

3.24 피크 파장

Wavelength at maximum transmittance

메모 1: The peak wavelength is not necessarily the same as the central wavelength (그림 참조 1).

3.25 Diurnal intensity meter

A radiometer for measuring global (또는, if tilted, hemispherical) solar irradiance

3.26 Daily thermometer

A radiometer used to measure direct normal solar radiation

ISO 9370-2017 플라스틱의 내후성 테스트 중 방사선 노출의 도구적 결정을 위한 일반 지침 및 기본 테스트 방법

3.27 Radiation exposure H

Time integral of irradiance

메모 1: It is measured in joules per square meter (J⋅m−2).

3.28 복사계

An instrument for measuring electromagnetic radiation, consisting of a detector, any necessary filters and diffusers, and a signal processing device

3.29 Reference radiometer

An instrument used to achieve a standard measurement value relative to an accepted radiation scale, such as the World Radiation Reference Spectral irradiance scale, with a specified traceability path and a specified measurement uncertainty

메모 1: Reference radiometers are used only to calibrate other radiometers by comparison, 대사, or other direct relationship.

3.30 Field radiometer

Instruments deployed in the field or in the laboratory accelerated weathering devices for routine radiation measurements, calibrated to a recognized standard scale by comparison, 대사, or other direct relationship to the reference radiometer transfer scales

3.31 Short-pass filter

The transmission wavelength is shorter than the cutoff wavelength while suppressing longer wavelength filters, which are characterized by a sharp transition from maximum transmittance to minimum transmittance

3.32 Spectroradiometer

An instrument used to measure the variation of spectral irradiance with wavelength in a narrow wavelength interval within a given spectral region

ISO 9370-2017 플라스틱의 내후성 테스트 중 방사선 노출의 도구적 결정을 위한 일반 지침 및 기본 테스트 방법

3.33 Source tracing

The ability to link measurements of a standard attribute to a claimed reference (usually a country or document) through an uninterrupted chain of comparisons, all of which have claimed uncertainty

3.34 광대역

Characteristics of filters with a half-peak full width (3.15) of at least 70nm

메모 1: It usually describes a filter radiometer with, 예를 들어, a wide passband of 300nm to 800nm.

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