Kata Pengantar
ISO (Organisasi Internasional untuk Standardisasi) adalah aliansi global badan standar nasional (badan anggota ISO). Pengembangan standar internasional biasanya dilakukan melalui komite teknis ISO. Setiap lembaga anggota yang berminat pada suatu mata pelajaran yang telah dibentuk panitia teknisnya berhak untuk diwakili dalam panitia tersebut. Organisasi internasional pemerintah dan non-pemerintah yang berhubungan dengan organisasi standardisasi juga terlibat dalam pekerjaan ini. ISO bekerja sama dengan Komisi Elektroteknik Internasional (IEC) tentang segala hal standardisasi kelistrikan.

Standar internasional disusun berdasarkan aturan yang diberikan di Bagian 2 dari Petunjuk ISO/IEC.

Tugas utama komite teknis adalah mengembangkan standar internasional. Rancangan standar internasional yang diadopsi oleh Komite Teknis akan diedarkan ke badan-badan anggota untuk pemungutan suara. Publikasi sebagai standar internasional memerlukan persetujuan paling sedikit 75% dari lembaga-lembaga anggota.

Harap dicatat bahwa isi tertentu dari dokumen ini mungkin memiliki hak paten. ISO tidak bertanggung jawab untuk mengidentifikasi salah satu atau seluruh hak paten tersebut.

ISO 15181-1 dikembangkan oleh Komite Teknis ISO/TC 35, Cat dan pernis, Subkomite SC 9, Metode pengujian umum untuk cat dan pernis.

ISO 15181-1-2007 “Penentuan laju pelepasan biotoksin pada cat dan pernis cat antifouling – Bagian 1: Metode umum untuk ekstraksi biotoksin”

Edisi kedua membatalkan dan menggantikan edisi pertama (ISO 15181-1:2000), which is technically revised, in particular by extending the use of common extraction methods to later parts of ISO 15181.

ISO 15181 terdiri dari bagian-bagian berikut, under the general title Paints and varnishes – Determination of fungicide release rates in antifouling coatings:

— Bagian 1: General method of extracting fungicides

— Bagian 2: Penentuan konsentrasi ion tembaga dalam ekstrak dan perhitungan laju pelepasan

— Bagian 3: Calculation of the rate of zinc ethylene-bis (dithiocarbamate) (zineb) release by measuring the concentration of ethourea in the extract

— Bagian 4: Determination of concentration of pyridine-triphenylborane (PTPB) in extracts and calculation of release rate

— Bagian 5: Calculating the release rates of toluenflurane and dichlorofluoraniline by determining the concentrations of dimethyltoluenesulfonamide (DMST) and dimethyltoluenesulfonamide (DMSA) in the extracts

ISO 15181-1-2007 “Penentuan laju pelepasan biotoksin pada cat dan pernis cat antifouling – Bagian 1: Metode umum untuk ekstraksi biotoksin”

Perkenalan
By using standard conditions for temperature, salinity and pH at low fungicide concentrations in ambient artificial seawater, reproducible values for release rates under specified laboratory conditions can be determined using the method given in this part of ISO 15181, which can be used for quality assurance and material selection purposes. Namun, the actual rate of release of fungicides from hull antifouling paints into the environment will depend on many factors, such as vessel operating schedules, years of service, berthing conditions, paint condition, as well as temperature, salinity, pH, pollutants and biota in a particular area.

The results of this test do not reflect the environmental fungicide release rate of antifouling products and are not suitable for direct use in the process of generating environmental risk assessments, generating environmental load estimates, or establishing release rate limits for regulatory purposes. When compared with copper and organotin release rates obtained by direct or indirect measurements of hull copper release rates and measurements on panels exposed in ports, all available data indicate that the results obtained using this general test method substantially overestimate the release rate of fungicides under service conditions. Published results show that for several commercial antifouling coatings, the results of this test method are generally about 10 times or more higher than direct in situ measurements of in-service hull copper and organotin release rates [1,2]. Similar relationships are expected to be found for other fungicides. A realistic estimate of the rate of hull fungicide release under service conditions can only be obtained from this test method if this difference is taken into account.

ISO 15181-1-2007 “Penentuan laju pelepasan biotoksin pada cat dan pernis cat antifouling – Bagian 1: Metode umum untuk ekstraksi biotoksin”

If the results of this testing method are used to generate environmental risk assessments, to produce environmental load estimates, or for regulatory purposes, it is highly recommended to consider the relationship between laboratory release rates and actual environmental inputs in order to more accurately estimate the fungicides release rates of antifouling coatings under real conditions. This can be achieved by applying appropriate correction coefficients [2].

1 Cakupan
Bagian dari ISO ini 15181 specifies a general method for the extraction of biocides from antifouling paint films into artificial seawater under specified laboratory conditions. It is used in conjunction with other parts of ISO 15181 to determine the amount of specific fungicides in extracts, for example copper and/or certain organic fungicides, and to be able to calculate the rate of release of these fungicides from paint films under specified laboratory conditions.

2 Acuan normatif
Referensi berikut diperlukan untuk penerapan dokumen ini. Untuk referensi bertanggal, hanya versi yang dikutip yang berlaku. Untuk referensi tidak bertanggal, referensi versi baru (termasuk revisi apa pun) berlaku.

ISO 1513, Cat dan pernis – Pemeriksaan dan penyiapan sampel uji

ISO 2808, Cat dan pernis — Penentuan ketebalan film

ISO 3696, penggunaan air laboratorium analitik – spesifikasi dan metode pengujian

ISO 15181-2, cat dan pernis — Determination of release rates of fungicides in antifouling coatings — Bagian 2: Determination of concentrations of copper ions in extracts and calculation of release rates

ISO 15181-3, Paints and varnishes-Determination of fungicide release rates in antifouling coatings — Bagian 3: Calculation of zinc ethylene-bis (dithiocarbamate) (zineb) release rates by determining the concentration of ethylene thiourea in extracts

ISO 15181-1-2007 “Penentuan laju pelepasan biotoksin pada cat dan pernis cat antifouling – Bagian 1: Metode umum untuk ekstraksi biotoksin”

ISO 15181-4, Paints and varnishes-Determination of release rates of fungicides in antifouling coatings – Bagian 4: Determination of concentration of pyridine-triphenyl borane (PTPB) in extracts and calculation of release rates

ISO 15181-5, Paints and varnishes-Determination of fungicide release rates in antifouling coatings — Bagian 5: Calculation of release rates of toluenflurane and dichlorofluoraniline by determining the concentrations of dimethyltoluenesulfonamide (DMST) and dimethyltoluenesulfonamide (DMSA) in extracts

ISO 15528, Cat, pernis dan bahan baku cat dan pernis – Contoh

ASTM D 1141-98 (2003), Standard Practice for Preparing substitute seawater

Hanya komponen informasi standar yang tersedia untuk umum. Untuk melihat konten selengkapnya, Anda harus membeli standar melalui jalur formal.