ISO 3233:1998 “Determination of nonvolatile volume fraction by measuring dry coating density” (GB/T 9272-2007) specifies a density of dry coating obtained by measuring any specified temperature range and drying or curing time.

ISO 3233-1-2019 Standard name: Paints and varnishs-determination of nonvolatile compounds by percentage volume – Part 1: Method for determination of nonvolatile compounds using coated plates and for determination of dry film density according to Archimedes’ principlePractice status: current
A Preface
ISO (International Organization for Standardization) is a global federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The development of international standards is usually carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member group interested in the subject on which a technical committee has been established is entitled to be represented on the committee. International organizations, governments and ngos that liaise with ISO are also involved in this effort. ISO works closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

Part 1 of the ISO/IEC Directive describes the procedures used to develop this document as well as those used for further maintenance. In particular, attention should be paid to the different approval criteria required for different types of ISO documents. This document has been drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of Part 2 of the ISO/IEC Directive (see iso.org/directives).

ISO 3233-1-2019 “Paints and varnishs-determination of nonvolatile compounds by percentage volume – Part 1: Method for the determination of nonvolatile compounds using coated test plates and for the determination of dry film density according to the Akimid principle”

Please note that certain elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO is not responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the profile and/or in the list of ISO patent claims received (see iso.org/patents).

Any trade names used in this document are provided as information for the convenience of users and do not constitute an endorsement thereof.

Explanations of the relevant standards of voluntary, ISO specific terms related to conformity assessment and the expression of meaning, and the ISO in the technical barriers to trade (TBT) adhere to the principle of the world trade organization (WTO) information, please see the iso.org/iso/foreword.html.

This document is prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes, Subcommittee SC 9, General Test methods for paints and varnishes.

The second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 3233-1:2013), which has been technically revised.

The main changes from the previous edition are as follows:

Definitions and sources in Chapter 3 have been updated;

— A minimum mass of 25 mg of coating on the plate is added in 7.4.1 because measurements and simulation calculations indicate that the minimum mass of coating on the plate is required;

– The text has been edited and changed.

A list of all parts in the ISO 3233 series can be found on the ISO website.

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A full list of these agencies can be found at iso.org/members.html.

ISO 3233-1-2019 “Paints and varnishs-determination of nonvolatile compounds by percentage volume – Part 1: Method for the determination of nonvolatile compounds using coated test plates and for the determination of dry film density according to the Akimid principle”

Introduction
This method is used to measure the density and determine the volume of dry coating obtained from a given volume of liquid coating. This volume is considered a very meaningful measure of the coverage of paints, varnish, or related products (the surface area covered per unit volume specified by the thickness of dry film). The values obtained by this method may differ from those calculated based on the addition of the mass and volume of the raw materials in the formulation. Due to the shrinkage or expansion of the resin and solvent, the combined volume occupied by the resin and solvent can be the same, greater or less than the combined volume of the individual components. The second factor affecting the volume of the dry paint formulation is the extent to which the space between the pigment particles is filled by the adhesive.

Above and close to the critical pigment volume concentration, the volume of dry paint film is larger than the theoretical volume, which is due to the increase of unfilled voids between pigment particles. The porosity of the film means that this approach is not appropriate.

The volume value of the non-volatile matter depends on the temperature and time of heating, and these conditions should be carefully considered for the material under test.

1 Scope of application
This document specifies a method for determining the non-volatile material volume (NV V) of coatings and related products by measuring the density of dried coatings over any specified temperature range and drying or curing periods. This method is used to determine the non-volatiles immediately after use.

Using the volume results of the non-volatile matter obtained according to this document, the spread rate of the coating material can be calculated.

The method specified in this document is the selection method for air drying materials. Its use of other materials has not been tested.

Annex B provides an overview of available methods for determining the content and volume of nonvolatile substances.

This document does not apply to coatings exceeding the critical pigment volume concentration.

ISO 3233-1-2019 “Paints and varnishs-determination of nonvolatile compounds by percentage volume – Part 1: Method for the determination of nonvolatile compounds using coated test plates and for the determination of dry film density according to the Akimid principle”

2 Normative reference documents
When the following documents are referred to in the text, part or all of their contents constitute the requirements of this document. For dated references, only the cited version applies. For undated citations, the new version of the citation document (including any revisions) applies.

ISO 1513, Paints and varnishes — Inspection and preparation of test samples

ISO 2811 (all parts), paints and varnishes — Determination of density

ISO 4618, Paints and varnishes — Terms and definitions

ISO 15528, Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and varnishes — Sampling

3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 4618 and the following shall apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for standardization at the following addresses:

– ISO online browsing platform: iso.org/obp

— IEC Electropedia:electropedia.org/ obtained

3.1 Non-volatile substances

Mass residue obtained by evaporation under specified conditions

Entry Note 1: Instead of the term “non-volatile matter”, different terms such as solid, dry residue, dry matter, solid matter, drying residue are usually used with their respective abbreviations. The term “non-volatile substance”, also used in ISO 3251, should be used together with the abbreviation “NV” instead of these terms.

Note 2: This document and ISO 3251 specify different conditions for the determination of NV. Therefore, in this document, the symbol NV m is used for non-volatile substances by mass.

[Source: ISO 4618:2014 2.176 modified — Note 2 added to entry.]

3.2 Non-volatile volume NVV

Volume percent residue obtained by evaporation under specified conditions

ISO 3233-1-2019 “Paints and varnishs-determination of nonvolatile compounds by percentage volume – Part 1: Method for the determination of nonvolatile compounds using coated test plates and for the determination of dry film density according to the Akimid principle”

3.3 Transmission rate s

A certain amount of paint can cover the surface area to provide the desired thickness of the dry film

Note 1: Expressed as m 2 /l or m 2 /kg.

[Source: ISO 4618:2014, 2.238 — modified to add symbol and remove note 2 of entry.]

3.4 Practical dry film density ρ

Actually determine the density of dry and cured coatings

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